Ukraine's Home-Front Helpers
- By RFE/RL
Throughout the Russian invasion, Ukrainian civilians have been volunteering and working to make vital hardware for their country’s war effort.

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Kyiv locals make candles on October 30 for use in the trenches.

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Sources of light on the front lines are becoming increasingly valuable amid Russian strikes targeting Ukraine’s critical infrastructure as the nights get longer during the winter months.

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Workers with newly assembled buggies that were designed and made in a workshop in Kryviy Rih, central Ukraine, in September.

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Buggies are prized on the battlefield for the open design that offers easy mounting and dismounting for fighters, a nearly unobstructed field of fire, and the vehicles’ ability to turn tight circles when a fast retreat is needed.

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Blacksmith Anton Zaika shows off a newly made stove in his workshop in Sumy in August. The wood-burning stoves were designed by the 32-year-old specifically for use in the trenches as a source of warmth and as a cooking device.

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A volunteer weaves camouflage netting inside a bomb shelter in Kyiv in April. The netting is used by both sides to hide vehicles and troops from drone cameras.

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Handmade camouflage netting laid out in a courtyard in Lviv in September.

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Volunteers in Kyiv in June pack plant-based products that will be sent to vegan front-line soldiers.

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Andriy Paliy prepares materials that he uses to produce armor plates at his workshop in Zaporizhzhya in May. Before the invasion, the self-taught blacksmith made swords and medieval suits of armor but now he makes ballistic protection for the Ukrainian military.

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Locals from Lviv construct anti-tank obstacles in March. The “Czech hedgehog” tank barriers are favored for being easy to move on and off roads. They are also able to withstand explosions -- even if blasted into the air, the barriers bounce back to earth and remain effective.

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Ukrainian women making tactical vests in the port city of Odesa in March.

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A Ukrainian man grinds the edges off an armor plate that was upcycled from the leaf spring of a vehicle's suspension system. This photo was taken in the Zakarpattya region in March.

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A man fills sacks with sand as part of preparations for the defense of Kyiv as the Ukrainian capital was surrounded by Russian forces in early March.

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A volunteer prepares meals for soldiers and members of the territorial defense defending the eastern city of Kharkiv in March.